Research Projects

Map of field locations

Research Projects

From uncovering ice sheet histories in Antarctica to establishing records of pre-historic tectonic events in California or Japan, the AGES lab probes important geochronologic questions around the globe. 

Learn more below!

I. Paleoclimate

Mono lake tufa towers

 


Icebergs
Antarctica

We apply a range of geochronological and thermochronological techniques to study sedimentary provenance of East and West Antarctica, the early history of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, the modern patterns of ice flow and erosion, and the tectonic history of the Transantarctic Mountains.

Mono Lake Tufa Towers
Mono Lake

Nineteen distinct ash layers in the Wilson Creek Formation serve as indicators of past climate from the transition for the last major interglacial until just before the start of the Holocene. We take on the challenge of dating these young ashes.

Map of Agulhas Current
Cape Basin

K/Ar dating and major element analyses provide insights into the origin of terrigenous sediments in the sub-tropical south atlantic ocean and the cause and path of leakage from the Agulhas Current.

II. Fault Dating

Roadcut of the San Andreas Fault

The geologic record preserves evidence of past earthquakes which can be measured using various geochemical techniques. Biomarkers - organic molecules produced by living organisms - are systematically altered during heating related to fault slip/rupture and can thus be used to estimate the temperature rise produced during faulting. Fault gouge clays rich in potassium can be used to determine the timing of large earthquakes, as the elevated temperatures during fault rupture reset their geologic ages. We incorporate K/Ar dating with clay mineralogy analyses, aiming to establish a more accurate record of prehistoric seismic events.


San Andreas Fault trace
SAFOD

K/Ar dating of clays from SAFOD (the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth) aims to address whether major earthquakes occur in - or propagate through - the central creeping section of the San Andreas Fault.

Map of Japan Trench
Japan Trench

Coring through the Japan Trench, particularly through the plate boundary fault, was achieved as part of IODP Expedition 405 (2024). Fault dating will refine seismic histories along the trench and help investigate how geologic ages reset due to faulting.

Image of Panamint Valley
Panamint Valley

Fault gouges were collected from a low angle normal fault in the Panamint Valley. Efforts are currently underway to analyze clay minerals and date them via K/Ar dating.

Image of El Paso Fault
El Paso Fault

More information coming soon!

III. Large-scale Geologic Evolutions

Mountains in background, canyons in foreground

 


plant with hills in background
Turkana Basin

The uniquely broad and shallow nature of the basin around Lake Turkana leads to the exposure of both early hominid fossils and the rocks that host them. We work to improve the chronological record for the region through 40Ar/39Ar of rift-associated basalt flows and (U-Th)/He dating and 4He/3He thermochronology of uplifted basement rocks.

ghost town with hills in background
Southwest Cordillera

The timing of and forces that drove extensional tectonics and collapse in the North American Cordillera remain a point of contention. These zones of rifting are associated with bands of mineralization of economically important ore along faults. We study the ages and sources of these ores in order to establish more accurate models for the drivers of rifting and collapse.

red rocks
Paradox Basin

We leverage radioisotopic dating techniques to better understand the geologic forcing, hydraulic fluxes, and fluid-flow reactions in the Paradox Basin. Prior work in the region has used (U-Th)/He dating to measure cooling ages. To measure actual formation ages, we develop a custom mass spectrometer setup for measuring neon isotopes for (U-Th)/Ne dating of iron oxides.

road outcrop showing two distinct layers
The Great Unconformity

The “Great Unconformity” represents approximately a billion years of missing geologic record, yet the timing of the erosion that formed the “Great Unconformity” remains unclear, as is the process(es) that caused it. We perform 40Ar/39Ar and (U-Th)/Ne dating of associated Tavakaiv Sandstone injectites in order to constrain the history of erosion in the region.

Columbia Affiliations